Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode with host Cadet Zach Olson, Brigadier General Thaddeus Fineran reflects on an unplanned but ultimately life-defining Army career, shaped by opportunity, adaptability, and a systems-based approach to leadership. From his entry into military service through ROTC to leadership positions in the aviation branch and ultimately senior roles within US Northern Command, General Fineran emphasizes the importance of understanding complex systems from aircraft operations to global force management, and how those systems directly impact readiness at every level of command. He offers insight into the unique challenges faced by National Guard soldiers attempting to balance civilian and military careers, highlighting the demands placed on time, families, and professional development. Ultimately, he underscores that leadership is built through trust, preparation, and perspective, reminding young officers that while responsibility grows with rank, so does the ability to influence meaningful outcomes.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

General Xavier Brunson is the commander of United Nations Command, ROK/US Combined Forces Command, and United States Forces Korea. In this episode, he joins Cadet Olivia Hanson for a wide-ranging discussion about leadership, deterrence, alliances, and the strategic future of the Indo-Pacific. He explains the complex structure of US and allied military forces in Korea, the strategic significance of the Indo-Pacific region, and why alliances remain America’s greatest asymmetric advantage in an era of renewed great power competition. The conversation also explores multidomain operations, emerging technologies, and the timeless fundamentals of warfare: protection, posture, and sustainment.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Brigadier General Sarah Dudley sits down with Cadet Orion van Buskirk to reflect on an unexpected path into the Army that became a 27-year career shaped by leadership, adaptability, and a passion for people. She discusses her role leading US Army Recruiting Divison, emphasizing that recruiting is not a numbers game but a deliberate effort to identify and develop the right talent for the Army of 2040. Drawing on experiences from managing millions in cash during early combat operations to navigating coalition dynamics and emerging technologies like digital assets, she highlights the importance of clarity, ownership, and removing organizational friction. General Dudley underscores that the Army’s enduring value lies in its ability to build leaders, arguing that its relevance to the next generation depends on communicating that mission in a rapidly evolving technological and social landscape.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Cadet Nik Badinelli interviews retired General Daniel Allyn. Through their discussion, General Allen reflects on his unconventional path to West Point and a career defined by leadership at every level, emphasizing that true readiness is rooted in rigorous, repetitive training that prepares soldiers for the realities of combat. He underscores the importance of mastering fundamentals, adapting to resource constraints, and prioritizing people, arguing that effective leadership, whether in combat or the corporate world, begins with trust, character, and the development of subordinates. Drawing on experiences from Iraq and Afghanistan, Allen highlights the enduring nature of warfare despite technological advances, stressing that while AI and drones are transformative, the core demands on soldiers remain unchanged. He also discusses the challenges of decision-making, the loneliness of command, and the necessity of “leading up” to inform senior leaders. Ultimately, his advice to young officers centers on authenticity, disciplined preparation, and a relentless commitment to their soldiers, reinforcing that leadership is both a privilege and a responsibility grounded in values and continuous learning.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Cadet Zach Olson speaks with US Lieutenant General Curtis Buzzard and Ukrainian Major General Volodymyr Horbatiuk about how the war in Ukraine is reshaping modern warfare through rapid innovation, widespread use of drones, and data-driven operations, making the battlefield more transparent, decentralized, and lethal. They emphasize that while the nature of war remains constant, its character is evolving quickly, driven by necessity, technology, and the integration of civilian expertise. The conversation also highlights leadership lessons, including the importance of mission command, adaptability, humility, and learning from failure, alongside the immense resilience of Ukrainian forces and society. Ultimately, they stress that Ukraine serves as a real-world laboratory for future conflict, and that militaries must learn from it faster than their adversaries to avoid paying a higher cost in future wars.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Cadet Zach Olson sits down with General Joseph Ryan to explore his thirty-five-year Army career, highlighting how early influences, strong mentorship, and a relentless team spirit guided his path in service to the nation. Now commanding the newly established US Army Western Hemisphere Command, General Ryan explains his organization's role as a theater army responsible for providing trained and ready forces across North and South America. He highlights the strategic importance of the region, citing evolving threats such as transnational criminal organizations, great power competition—particularly with China—and the need for deeper partnerships across Latin America. General Ryan explains that the creation of the command represents a broader Army transformation aligned with national defense priorities, shifting focus toward defending the homeland and strengthening regional security cooperation.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

In this episode, Cadet Orion Van Buskirk is joined by retired Lt. Gen. Leslie Smith, whose career began in the field artillery and culminated in his service as inspector general of the Army. He covers a range of subjects during the discussion, including leadership in moments of crisis, the vital role of standards in the profession of arms, and the emerging challenges of large-scale combat operations.

Welcome back to Five Questions for a General, a production of the Modern War Institute at West Point. This series features specially selected cadet hosts who are given an incredible professional development opportunity—to sit down with senior military officers and ask carefully crafted questions about everything from leadership to their unique experiences while serving, to their expectations about the future of war.

Drawing from his 37-year Army career, retired Lieutenant General James Dubik reflects on leadership, moral responsibility, and institutional reform in a wide-ranging conversation with Cadet Nicholas Finke. From his unconventional path into the Army after leaving the seminary to commanding the Army’s first Stryker Brigade Combat Team and leading multinational efforts in Iraq, General Dubik emphasizes urgency, adaptability, and humility in leadership. He discusses the moral weight of warfare, arguing that while technology may increase physical distance from the battlefield, it never creates distance from a soldier’s conscience. Across roles from platoon leader to three-star general, General Dubik underscores a consistent lesson: treat people with dignity and respect, remain humble, and tap into the expertise within your formation.

The conversation also explores the complexities of building partner forces and leading large multinational commands in combat. General Dubik highlights America’s strengths in tactical training while candidly addressing institutional impatience and the difficulty of building enduring military and police institutions abroad. He reflects on the importance of strategic patience, the iterative nature of improvement in wartime leadership, and the irreplaceable role of human presence, even in an era of rapid technological change. Closing with personal reflections, he offers advice to his younger self about balancing professional duty with family life and models how retired generals can responsibly engage in national security debates by focusing on policy rather than partisanship.