『Math! Science! History!』のカバーアート

Math! Science! History!

Math! Science! History!

著者： Gabrielle Birchak
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Math! Science! History! is a podcast about the history of people, theories, and discoveries that have moved our scientific progress forward and spurred us on to unimaginable discoveries. Join Gabrielle Birchak for a little math, a little science, and a little history. All in a little bit of time.© 2025 世界 数学 科学
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  • The Alphabet of Brilliance: 8 LGBTQ+ Scientists Who Changed History | Pride Month Special

    The Alphabet of Brilliance: 8 LGBTQ+ Scientists Who Changed History | Pride Month Special
    2026/06/24
    For Pride Month, I profile eight scientists across eight identities in the 2SLGBTQI+ community. From the equations underpinning modern physics to the brain cells once dismissed as filler tissue, these researchers shaped the world we live in, often while hiding, fighting for, or paying dearly for who they were. Today I trace the lives of Sofia Kovalevskaya, Alan Turing, Margaret Mead, Ben Barres, Christopher Strachey, Magnus Hirschfeld, Paul Erdős, and Lozen, eight stories of brilliance that history tried, and failed, to erase. 3 Things You'll Learn in This Episode How a forged marriage opened the door to modern physics. Sofia Kovalevskaya couldn't attend university as a woman in Russia, so she found another way in, and ended up proving foundational theorems that every engineer and physicist still relies on today. Why the man who helped win WWII was punished by the country he saved. Alan Turing's codebreaking work is credited with shortening the war by years and saving millions of lives. Decades later, that same government prosecuted him for being gay, then put him on its currency. How "supporting" brain cells turned out to be running the show. Ben Barres's research overturned decades of neuroscience consensus about glial cells, and his own experience transitioning gave him a firsthand look at gender bias in science that became one of the most cited accounts of its kind. Featured Scientists & Resources Sofia Kovalevskaya (1850–1891), Mathematician Cooke, R. (1984). The Mathematics of Sonya Kovalevskaya. Springer-Verlag.Koblitz, A. H. (1983). A Convergence of Lives: Sofia Kovalevskaia, Scientist, Writer, Revolutionary. Birkhäuser.MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive Alan Turing (1912–1954), Mathematician & Computer Scientist Hodges, A. (1983). Alan Turing: The Enigma. Burnett Books.Turing, A. M. (1950). "Computing Machinery and Intelligence." Mind, 59(236), 433–460.The Alan Turing InstituteBank of England: Alan Turing £50 note Wellcome Sanger Institute Blog: "LGBTQ+ scientists who shaped history" Margaret Mead (1901–1978), Anthropologist Mead, M. (1928). Coming of Age in Samoa. William Morrow & Company.Mead, M. (1975). "Bisexuality: A New Awareness." Redbook Magazine.Banner, L. W. (2003). Intertwined Lives: Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict, and Their Circle. Knopf.QueerBio.com: Margaret MeadLegacy Project Chicago: Margaret Mead Ben Barres (1954–2017), Neurobiologist Barres, B. A. (2018). The Autobiography of a Transgender Scientist. MIT Press.Barres, B. A. (2006). "Does gender matter?" Nature, 442, 133–136.Allen, N. J., & Barres, B. A. (2005). "Signaling between glia and neurons: focus on synaptic plasticity." Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 15(5), 542–548. Wellcome Sanger Institute Blog: "LGBTQ+ scientists who shaped history" Christopher Strachey (1916–1975), Computer Scientist Campbell-Kelly, M. (1985). "Christopher Strachey, 1916–1975: A Biographical Note." IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 7(1), 19–42.Strachey, C. (1967). "Fundamental Concepts in Programming Languages." Published posthumously in Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation, 13 (2000), 11–49.Computer History Museum: Christopher Strachey Magnus Hirschfeld (1868–1935), Physician & Sexologist Hirschfeld, M. (1910). Die Transvestiten. Alfred Pulvermacher.Wolff, C. (1986). Magnus Hirschfeld: A Portrait of a Pioneer in Sexology. Quartet Books.Encyclopædia Britannica: Magnus Hirschfeld US Holocaust Memorial Museum: Magnus Hirschfeld Science Museum Blog: "Magnus Hirschfeld and the Institute for Sexual Science" Paul Erdős (1913–1996), Mathematician Hoffman, P. (1998). The Man Who Loved Only Numbers: The Story of Paul Erdős and the Search for Mathematical Truth. Hyperion.Schechter, B. (1998). My Brain Is Open: The Mathematical Journeys of Paul Erdős. Simon & Schuster. ASBMB: "LGBTQ+ scientists in history"The Erdős Number Project, Oakland University Lozen (c. 1840–1889), Medicine Woman & Warrior Ball, E. (1970). In the Days of Victorio: Recollections of a Warm Springs Apache. University of Arizona Press.Aleshire, P. (1998). Warrior Woman: The Story of Lozen, Apache Warrior and Shaman. St. Martin's Press. Multnomah County Library: "Notable Two-Spirit Figures in History"Legends of America: "Lozen: Apache War Woman & Prophet" New Mexico Historic Women Marker Program: "Little Sister Lozen" 🔗 Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com 📚 To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h 🌍 Let's Connect!Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/math.science.history LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/math-science-history/ YouTube: Math! Science! History! - YouTube 🎧 Enjoying the Podcast? ☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show! Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs! Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform Check out our merch: https://...
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    20 分
  • FLASHCARDS! You Are a Game Theorist!

    FLASHCARDS! You Are a Game Theorist!
    2026/06/19

    What if the negotiation strategies, workplace rhythms, and relationship instincts you've relied on your whole life already had names in mathematics? In today's FLASHCARDS! episode of Math! Science! History!, I break down three foundational concepts from game theory: dominant strategy, tit for tat, and Nash equilibrium, and connect each one to the everyday decisions, compromises, and unspoken social contracts you navigate all the time. Whether you're a math enthusiast or someone who swore they "weren't a math person," this episode reveals that you've been doing game theory your entire life without even knowing it.

    🃏 In This Episode, You Will Learn:
    • What a dominant strategy is and how to recognize when you're already using one, from sending that follow-up email to ordering your favorite dish at a restaurant.
    • The fascinating history of tit for tat, the surprisingly simple strategy that beat out complex algorithms in Robert Axelrod's famous 1980s tournament, and how it mirrors the unspoken rules of your closest relationships.
    • How a Nash equilibrium shows up in everyday conflict, and why the moment you and someone else silently agree to "stop pushing" is actually a mathematically stable outcome.

    📚 Sources

    • Von Neumann's 1928 minimax theorem is widely considered the founding document of modern game theory. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimax_theorem
    • John Nash received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994 for his pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1994/nash/facts
    • Robert Axelrod's landmark book The Evolution of Cooperation (1984) explored how cooperation can emerge among self-interested agents, using his famous computer tournament in which tit for tat won. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Evolution_of_Cooperation
    📣 Calls to Action

    Subscribe & Review: If today's episode made you see your everyday decisions in a whole new light, please subscribe to Math! Science! History! and leave a review wherever you listen. It helps more curious minds find the show!

    Share This Episode: Know someone who loves psychology, strategy, or really nails the follow-up email? Send them this episode; they're already game theorists and don't know it yet.

    Keep Learning: Catch up on last week's full episode on the birth of game theory and Monday's episode on using these strategies in the workplace!

    🔗 Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com
    📚 To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h

    🎧 Enjoying the Podcast? 🔗 Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com

    ☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal

    Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show!
    Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs!
    Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform.

    Check out our merch: https://www.mathsciencehistory.com/the-store

    Music: All music is public domain and has no Copyright and no rights reserved.
    Selections from The Little Prince by Lloyd Rodgers

    Until next time, carpe diem!
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    8 分
  • MOMENTUM! 3 Game Theory Power-Ups to Hack Your Daily Routine

    MOMENTUM! 3 Game Theory Power-Ups to Hack Your Daily Routine
    2026/06/15

    In this episode of Momentum Monday, I cover the unexpected power of game theory, not just for economists or chess players, but as a practical toolkit for smarter decisions in work, relationships, and personal habits. I break down three game-changing strategies:
    1) Know Your "Game" (mapping players, rules, and payoffs)
    2) Build Your BATNA (your secret weapon for negotiation leverage)
    3) Tilt the Game in Your Favor (shaping interactions for win-win outcomes)

    Whether you're negotiating a raise, handling a tough conversation, or just trying to stick to your gym routine, these tactics will help you design your environment for success. Learn more about game theory's real-world applications here and how to apply BATNA in negotiations here.

    What You'll Learn:

    • How to map your interactions like a game, identifying players, rules, and payoffs to make smarter decisions. (Source: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)
    • Why BATNA (Best Alternative To a Negotiated Agreement) is your negotiation superpower, and how to build one. (Source: Harvard PON)
    • How to shape your environment and incentives to tilt outcomes in your favor, even in everyday situations.

    Call to Action:
    🔹 Try it this week: Pick one interaction where you'll apply one of these power-ups. Notice how it changes your approach, and your results!
    🔹 Share your win: Tag me on social media @Math.Science.History with #MomentumMonday and tell me which strategy worked for you!
    🔹 Subscribe & Review: Help more people discover Momentum Monday by leaving a review on Apple Podcasts or Spotify. Every review fuels the momentum!

    🔗 Explore more on our website: mathsciencehistory.com
    📚 To buy my book Hypatia: The Sum of Her Life on Amazon, visit https://a.co/d/g3OuP9h

    ☕ Support the Show: Coffee!! PayPal

    Leave a review! It helps more people discover the show!
    Share this episode with friends & fellow history buffs!
    Subscribe on your favorite podcast platform

    Check out our merch: https://www.mathsciencehistory.com/the-store

    Music: All music is Public Domain Mark 1.0 Universal and has no Copyright and no rights reserved.
    Selections from Violin Machine: A Deconstruction of the Bach Concerto by Lloyd Rodgers

    Until next time, carpe diem!
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    7 分
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