In this episode of She Leads Science, host Dr. Liz Joy sits down with pioneers Drs. Mary Jane De Souza and Nancy Williams to explore the science and leadership behind the Female Athlete Triad. Together, they trace their paths into research, reflect on navigating male-dominated fields, and discuss how their work reshaped the understanding of energy deficiency, menstrual function, and bone health in physically active women. The conversation unpacks the physiology of energy deficiency and examines the long-term consequences for reproductive and skeletal health. They also address persistent misconceptions, gaps between science and clinical practice, and the importance of translating complex research into actionable care. Finally, they reflect on mentorship, leadership, and the power of collaboration between scientists and clinicians to drive meaningful change in women’s health. Highlighted below are recent publications on the expansion of our understanding of the Female Athlete Triad, and its translation into clinical care.
De Souza MJ, Williams NI, Misra M, Nattiv A, Joy E, Barrack M, Ricker EA, Gorrell S, Koltun KJ, O'Donnell E, Mallinson RJ, Salamunes ACC, Woodruff K, Fredericson M, Plessow F. 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 1: State of the Science and Introduction of a New Adolescent Model. Sports Med. 2026 Feb;56(2):327-373. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02333-z. Epub 2025 Dec 31. PMID: 41474493; PMCID: PMC12982264.
Williams NI, De Souza MJ, Misra M, Nattiv A, Joy E, Barrack M, Ricker EA, Gorrell S, Koltun KJ, O'Donnell E, Mallinson RJ, Salamunes ACC, Woodruff K, Fredericson M, Plessow F. 2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 2: Clinical Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play for Adolescents and Adults. Sports Med. 2026 Feb;56(2):375-427. doi: 10.1007/s40279-025-02332-0. Epub 2025 Dec 31. PMID: 41474492; PMCID: PMC12982345.